Architectural design process is the scientific study of
existing ideas, thought and thinking in getting detail solution
of an architectural design. It’s explained that the difference
between architectural design process and scientific methods is
that, architectural design is concerned with how things ought
to be done while natural sciences are concerned with how
things are. Generally it is considered that the difference
between architectural, mechanical and industrial design processes is the aspect of the problem considered, the primary
source of knowledge, the degree of commitment made to
output statement, the level of detail, and finally the method of
transformation. Design process is a method that reveals
how things are created.
Illustrates the composition of four different activities
in architectural design. Assimilation represents the process of
gathering information related to the proposed design such as
verbal communication with client and documentation of the
design brief. The complete analysis of design problem and the
identification of most suitable design solution constitute the
components of general study. The growth and refinement of
tentative solutions isolated during general study is what is
referred to as development. Finally, communication is the act
of representation design information to design teams, client,
user and general public.
Architectural design is a combination of graphical and
theoretical solution to a problem, such as residential design,
industrial design, institutional design, religious design, and
commercial design. The solution take the forms of plans,
elevations, sections, details, perspective, graph, analysis of
proposed and existing features. Table I, demonstrates stages
involve in architectural design process. In solving these
problems, designers’ use thinking and drawing as a tool in
achieving the required creative result. Creativity and
Innovation is important throughout the life span of the
project. Some of its functions include generation and
improvement of design idea together with improving
perception of aesthetics on physical elements use for facade
design. Other functions of creativity-innovation include
choice and application of modern building materials.
2. IDEALIZATION
Designers/Architects generate analysis of their design ideas
through drawings, written word and verbal expressions. Idea
generation is an activity that transforms conceptual idea to
concrete idea. Technique like brainstorming is commonly
applied by designers for idea generation purposes. It is obvious that such a critical part of human endeavor is an
important part of the design process.
Imagery is a mental picture in which a designer formulates
in his/her mind a design and such representation comes in
abstract form. The designer uses mental imagery and
perception as a tool to represent his ideas at the mental stage.
Mental imagery is an idea that was generated, evaluated, and
transformed by the designer as a solution to a design problem.
Meanwhile, perception is an idea which is triggered by a
similar experiential idea either from a stored memory or
perceived from the physical element of the immediate
environment or the product of objects or events that exist.
Evidence of the importance of mental imagery in memory,
reasoning and invention, and research reveal that awesome
proportion of the brain is dedicated to vision. Evidence from
cognitive science suggests that the mind uses imagery and
verbal processes for complementary and interdependent
purposes. This suggests that it may be an error to separate, as
one tends to do visual or depicts from propositional mode of
education. It has been scientifically indicated that visual
thinking use different brain systems from verbal. When a
person visualizes something blood runs faster in the visual
cortex. Research carried out on patients’ show that injury to
the left half of the brain can stop the generation of visual
images. Mental imagery is a vital tool for brainstorming
activities. It is in these activities that “mental synthesis” is
employed in the process of analysis and evaluation.
3. REPRESENTATION
All designers are concerned with the visual aspect of their
design. Some designers use mental imagery to measure and
ensure their design address the intended problem. Designers
visualize designs being used in every possible situation
through the process of grappling with the design problem until
it is finally solved. Visualization is a medium that
generates design and technically presents it to the owner or
client and the design team in facilitating the design process.
This medium includes drawings, written word or verbal
expression. Illustrates how visual representations are
classified into categorical descriptions that represent abstract
ideas or sign constraints and visual specific spatial depiction.
4. MATERIALS
Innovations in building materials are by no means a simple
process. Initially, the material is invented or introduced,
followed by testing the material, improving performance and
finally expanding the development of the material. Newly
innovated building materials such as carbon fiber, glass fiber,
Teflon glass fabric, translucent glazing, carbon naan tubes,
spider silk, Kevlar, Styrofoam are used by architects and
engineers in innovating complex designs. These newly
innovated building materials offered designers and engineers
the opportunity to innovate all sort of complex designs.
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